ORTHODOX CHURCH CATHOLIC CHURCH CHURCH DIFFERENCE 1054 PROTESTANT CHURCHES THE LUTHERAN CIRCLE REFORMED CHURCHES CHURCH OF ENGLAND OTHER PROTESTANT COMMUNITIES HISTORY OF THE CHURCH OF FINLAND
THE FORMATION OF THE ENGLISH CHURCH
Henry VIII
FROM THE "PROTECTOR OF FAITH" OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH TO THE HEAD OF ENGLISH
King Henry VIII of England had been a king valued by the Pope in the fight against Luther's "heresies" and for this reason received the title of "Defender of the Faith" from the Pope.
However, the rift with the pope tightened because the pope did not admit to him the divorce of Catherine of Aragon (who was the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, a ruler of the Catholic Church). The marriage had not given rise to a future ruler To England. This was not for the pope a valid reason for the dissolution of the marriage, so Henry VIII himself proclaimed himself head of the Church of England. Only the third marriage guaranteed the continuation of the ruling family.
Wives of Henry the Eighth: Catherine of Aragon, Anna Boleyn , Jane Seymour , Anna Kleveläinen , Catherine Howard and Katariina Parr .
Henry VIII was by no means enamored the teachings of the Protestant churches, By order of the King the General Assembly of the clergy appointed the king head of the Church of England in 1531. Thereafter, every priest of the Church of England was to swear an oath of allegiance to the king. This also applied to senior government officials such as King Chancellor Thomas Morea, known as the humanist.
Hans Holbain: Thomas More
More refused to swear an oath of allegiance to the Catholic doctrine and was beheaded.
Maria Tudor
Thomas Cranmer
The king appointed Thomas Cranmer, a professor of theology, as archbishop of Cantebury, who had become acquainted with the Lutheran Church and on this basis created his own church in England, which was no longer dependent on the pope. Canmer compiled a Common Prayerbook (1549) for the Church, according to which services and ecclesiastical ordinances were organized.
Elizabeth I
The Anglican Church thus became a Protestant church, although in many respects it resembled the Catholic Church. However, from the 1530s onwards, the king allowed it to be abolished operated in the country for hundreds of years Monasteries whose property passed to the crown.
The struggle for the Church of England continued long after HenrikVIII's death. When Maria Tudor (1553-58) became Queen of England, the Catholic Church was restored and was followed by persecution of Protestants.
The pursuit of a middle ground between Catholicism and Protestantism led by many independents the formation of groups called independent
ELISABET I, ESTABLISHER OF THE ENGLISH CHURCH IN ENGLAND
Queen Elizabeth during the first period (1558-1603) was founded again the Church of England, independent of the Catholic Church. The title of ruler became "the supreme ruler of the state in ecclesiastical and political affairs," but his power no longer extended to the administration of the word and the sacraments.
Fine worship expenses were maintained in the church with the glorious clergy in their flesh costumes, the bell ringing and incense, but contrary to the customs of the Catholic Church, the priests were allowed to marry.